Article 23: Inviolability of Property

Chapter IIHigh

Constitution Text

“Property shall be inviolable. The rights of ownership shall be protected by law. Property may be taken only for the needs of society according to the procedure established by law and shall be justly compensated for.”

Summary

This article declares property inviolable and places ownership rights under the protection of law. Property may be taken only according to the procedure established by law, only for the needs of society and only with just compensation.

Key Points

•Property is inviolable.
•The rights of ownership are protected by law.
•Property may be taken only according to the procedure established by law.
•Property may be taken only for the needs of society.
•Taking of property must be justly compensated.

Practical Example

If the state builds a road through a private plot, it can take the plot only by the procedure set in law, only for a public need, and only after paying the owner fair compensation.

Exam Tips

Memorise the three conditions for taking property: by the procedure established by law, for the needs of society, with just compensation. The exam often checks whether you know that property can be taken only with compensation.

Art. 22 Art. 24 Art. 46 Art. 47 Art. 128

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